Engine-lathe.



PATENTED JAN. 7, 1908. J. HARTNESS.

NQA 876,305A

ENGINE LATHB.

APPMUATION FILED mmm. 1905.

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No. 876,305. PATENTBDJAN. 7, 1908. Y

J. HARTNBSS. ENGINE LATHB.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 13. 1905.

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. k PATENTBD JAN. 7, ma. No 876305 J. HARNESS.

APPLlGATION FILED JULYXS, 1905.

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ENGNE-LATHE Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Een. 7, 1908.

pplicatiou liled July 13. 1905i Serial No. 269.477.

. ing devices, and more particularly to enginelathes, that is to say,-lathes for turning har `wo'rlevvihie'h is held between two centers and While soheld, is turned or otherwise worked upon by suitable tools held in a slide on the bed.

to the tenets of lathe construe- Aeeordinvf lieen generally customary to protion, it has vide the top4 of the bedwith parallel ways or turning Work of the size referred to.

shears upon which a slideV is mounted to travel and to move such slide by gearlng vactuated either manually or hy power. Such-lathes 20TQritu`ming`bar work of, sa 3 i/2 to l inches in diameter, have been 'ieretol'ore so yeonstrue'ted, in `order te give the requisite stability to eaeh of theelements forming part o the slide that a suing of about eighteen iuehes "Was the result that is to say, the centers 'have been arranged far enough above the shears to accommodate all of the parts that .have been considered essential in a lathe for As a result of this construction, there is considerable spring inthe tool and the parts supporting it, and an inherently Weak arrangement owing'to the long distance between the point ofthe tool and the bearing which the inain slide has upon 'the hed. l he strains whieh the Cutter or 'tool and the tool-holder experience When theeutter is operatingv upon the work'tend to swine' them about an axis, 'as for instance, over twelve inches or more from the Work, o'r at the point where the main slid e t ak es bearing onthe bed. This renders it possilile fort'he parts-*to springend permit the tool to move more or less away from the work and to 'chatter thereagainst, thereby preventingr aeou'raoy 'in the results of the operation and prevents the removal of as large a ehip as 1s 'regarded as desirable in modern machine shop practice. Moreover, this results in the expenditure of a great length of time to linis'h the work and therefore an increased oost in ,producing the finished Work.

he 'primary object of the present invention is'to provide a lathe for the turning" of bar stock of any desired diameter up to predetermined limits (say of 3-1/2 or 4 inches in diameter in which the strains on the tool l to my invention, hy seeuring the tool l :uid holder .may he horno directly hy the hed, so as to prevent the springing ol` the tool or its holder and permit the removal of a relatively large chip with the results atteinlant thereupon. 'this is accomplished, aeeording directly to the main slide and hy lninp'ing;y the centers and the hed (-.loseltogother with solid metal between them and with no loose sliding` joints, so that there shall he a ininiinuni distanee between the work and the point at which the l slide takes hearing on the hed and no possible yieldingl at the point'of the tool. ln aeeomplishing this, l eliminate the eohhouse 'eonstruetion, as i term it, or one in which the tool surnionnts a higfh pile of slides and 'bridges The invention is designed to accomplish other desirable results und .is possessed of nenn-irons tentures ol construction and arin tlui'l'ollowing speeilieation and pointed out in the :uniended elanus.

i I rangement ol' parts, all ot which are set forth vwhich illustrate one Referring to the aeeoinpanying drawings ein Viodiment of the invention, to which, however, I am not li1nited,--Figure 1 represents in plan view an engine lathe. Fig. i? represents a iront elevation olf the suine. Fig. 3 represents in front elevation the middle portion of the lathe for the purpose of illustrating the tool Carriage, Fig. 4 represents` a transverse vertical seetion through the saine portion of the lathe. Figi'. 5 represents in ln'uizontal seetion a portion elv the tool slide und illustrate the gil) at the rear oi' the guide or shear on the hed. Fig. illustrates a horizontal seetion through the tool slide :ind illustrates the cutter und its adjunels. lfig. 7 represents a vertical transverse seetion on the line of the cutter. liig. 8 illust aies the means l'or looking the cutter har against movement. Fig. 9 shows the gibs for preventing upward movement ot' the slide.

The lathe-hed and main body ol the l1eadstock are all preferably ni ade of one mother casting which rests upon the uprights or legs l0. The hed consists of a relatively flat, shallow, quadrilateral pan ll, the bottool-slide moves. This bed-box is formed. by

i The 'box is a rail guideway or shear 17.

casting 'the bed with u right front and rear Walls 12 13 (between t e Walls of Vthe pan) with a top wall 14. This box has an end Wall 15, and is closedexcept at the bottom. The Walls l2 13 are braced by transverse webs or ribs, (not shown) so that it is very strong and rigid, being with the pan and headstoc'k va mother casting, as it may be termed.

The end wall ofthe pan extends out beyond the end wall 15 of the box, as shown in Fig. 2. The box is relatively narrow. At the head end the box is cast integrall lwith one end Wall of the headstock. This eadstock at its base is substantiallyas wide as the pan and in fact its front and rear walls are upward continuations of the iront and rear Walls of the P Referrin again to the bed-box, it will be observed t atv it is provided at its up er surface near the rear wall with a dovetailbd groove 16, which I may utilize for supporting and uiding a workfrestl and the tai -stock.

iront wall 1210i the box is relatively thick and directly above it on the top of tle T e iront of the W 12 is recessed at 18 so that the shear 17 has four surfaces or walls against which dierent surfaces of the tool slide or gibs carried thereby may be engaged. The shear in cross section as shown in Figs. 4 and 7, is substantially quadrilateral in form, with a front and rear plane surface and a top and bottom lane surface, as clearly illustrated. This s ear or guide is located,

as stated, at the front of the bed-box and is I the only one upon which the tool-slide or slides is or are mounted.

In the headstock 20 is journaled a spindle 21 and variable speed mechanism for rotatinsteadpf being located at some distance thererdm, as in prior engine lathes. As

this lathe is designed, as previously stated,

only for the turning of bar stock, and not for chucking work, it will be seen that where it is.l built for turning stock of not over 3%- or 41 inches diameter, the centers are located at approximately 2% inches above the top of the shear 17.

The tool-slides illustrated upon the drawing are four in number, but it will bei-einembered, of course', that l may employ one, two,

three,'or more than four, if 1t be desired. These slides are indicated in Fig. 2V by the numerals 23 23 24 and 24. The slides 23 23 are exactly alike; and though the slides 24 24 are alike, they differ somewhat from those at 23 23 in that they are provided with gear in for moving them.` f gl will first describe one of the slides at 23. This slide consists of a casting which may be of any suitable shape, although in front elevation it is oblong in forni. t has a e5 face 25 which bears flat against the rpendicular front face of the bed-box( it right angles to said face 25 is a bottom face 26 'which rests iiat upon the top surface of the guide or shear 17, and it is ,further provided with a de ending-portion 27, which extends down behind the rear wall of the shear 1.7. The portion 27 projects rearwardly from the main part of the slide, and between it and the rear face of the shear there is placed a tapered' gib 28 which may be adjusted -ior wear by set-screws 29 which are passed into the portion 27 in opposite directions and engage a lu on the gib, as shown in Fig. 5.

n order to bind the slide upon the to face of the shear, the slide is provided wit lugs 30 30 which project under the undertace of A the shear into the groove 18 andbetween` the upper portions of the lugs and the shear are tapered gibs 31 31 having downwardly projecting ends which are engaged by screws 32 passe( in opposite directions through' the lugs 30. .Each of these screws is threaded right and left to secure a quick adjustment ol the gibs. will be seen that the slide is securely held against play in any direction transversely of the bed-box. The reariace of the'slideis shown in Fig. 4, as being substantially coin- Q5' Now by this construction 'it is secured therein, `as will be explained, is

substantially directly above and only slightly to the rear of the shear, so that the thrust is taken directly by the bed through a solid casting, i. e., the slide. The slide itself is solid except for the apertures which receive the various operative mechanism includingv the tool. The slide has through it an aperture 33 substantially in the same horizontal plane as the axis of thespindle, and in this aperture is placed a bushing 34, in which is p aced the cutter or tool 35. may be cylindrical and is adapted to bev tightly bound in'the aperture by a w 'ch beais against a camin 37 wiich is alsopassed into the-slide troni the front The pin has the squared end 38 by Whichit 120 may be rotated to force the pin 36 tightly` a ainst the bushing 34 to securely wedge it in pace against movementin any direction.

will be noted that the pin 36 is located in a plane above the a-xis of the bushing, so that it 125 operates to force they bushing-down against This bushing in l36 the seat firmly thus preventing the tool carried thereby from yieldinv. The front end4 of the bushin is hollowed out and is intenv nally thread@ to receive an adjusting screw 1 3@ i a socket, a cutter closely tted in said socket and longitudinall movable therein, a screwk threaded into said slide, and a connection between said screw and said cutter'substan-V tially as set Jforth.

6. In en engine lathe, a spindle, a'bed Y box, and a slide resting upon said hed box and having a, solid integral portion extending upward past the horizontal plane of the sp'ind e axis to receive the cutter directly therein, a cutter fitted into said slidev and' forwardly against said rear guiding surface.,y

8. In an engine lathe, a spindle, a bedbox having a shear along its top above its iront wall, a tool slide gibbed to said shear, a cutter socketed in said slide and having its cutting point substantially on said shear, and

means for adj usting, said' cutter towards and from the work.

9. In an engine lathe, a spindle, a bed box having e shear along its top'at its front edge, a tool slide overhenging the front wall of the bed-box and bearingv against the upper and rear walls of said shear, said slide extending upward to'a horizontal plane above the axis o the spindle, and a cutter fitted in a socket iu said slide and' proected therethrouh and means oreeding t e cutter lon itunally of its length, substantially es set rorth.

l0. ln an engine lathelforturning har work, a bed-box and wor-k centers located in" close' proximity, a solid tool slide gihhed to slide on the bed and located with en integral portion in close proximity to the axis ,or thework centers, a cutter socketed in seid slide .Without vthe interposition of supplemental slides or lever-likeparjts, and ,means iori'eed- .ing said` cutter in its socket tol-end from the v ,vworln` i1. in 'an engine mais, t Spindle, a' bedbox having an upright? rear liride-well' in' -:iront ona vertical plane o'oinci` ent with the work axis, a orwardly ,projecting under-sun facey or Wall et 4an angle to ,said vertical well, and a rest-w`all or surface' above, seid under wall; a'toolfslide supporteddireetlyupcn Y seid restpwall or 'surface Withfaeesneari against seid rear Wall andseid underfw or surface, said slide projecting upwardly as a solid structure and having a' socket; e

cuttertte in said socketcin said structure and projecting rearwardly towards the work,

Whereb theworking strains on the tool are transmitted through solid material directly to the leed-hex, and positive means for sli ing'said cutter in said socket towards 'end -froni the Work.

ln testimony whereof il have alxed'iiny signature, in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES'HARTNESS,

Witnesses: y

MARTIN J. Munari, 4 C.- PRENTZBEIR., 

